Mohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana

Field Marshal His Highness Shree Maharaja Sir Mohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana, GCB, GCIE, GBE
श्री ३ महाराज मोहन शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा
Portrait of Mohan Shamsher
17th Prime Minister of Nepal
In office 30 April 1948 – 12 November 1951
Monarchs	Tribhuvan Gyanendra
Preceded by	Padma Shumsher JBR
Succeeded by	Matrika Prasad Koirala
Personal details
Born	(1885-12-23)23 December 1885
Died	6 January 1967(1967-01-06) (aged 81) Bangalore
Parent(s)	Chandra Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana (father) Chandra Loka Bhakta Lakshmi Devi (mother)
Occupation	Maharajah of Nepal
9th Maharaja of Lamjang and Kaski
Reign	27 June 1901 – 26 November 1929
Predecessor	Padma Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana
Successor	Rana rule abolished, see Lamjang-Kaski for titular head
Spouse	Sri Maharani Dikshya Rajya Laxmi
Issue	General Sri Maharajkumar Sharada Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana General Sri Yuvaraj Bijaya Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana
Dynasty	Rana dynasty
Father	Chandra Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana
Mother	Sri Maharani Chandra Loka Bhakta Devi

Field-Marshal Shree Maharaja Sir Mohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana (Nepali: मोहन शम्शेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा), GCB, GCIE, GBE (23 December 1885 – 6 January 1967) was the prime minister and foreign minister of Nepal from 30 April 1948 until 12 November 1951.

He was the last prime minister from the Rana family, which had controlled Nepal for more than a century and reduced the monarchy to a figurehead. He was the son of the 5th Rana Maharaja of Nepal Chandra Shumsher and Bada Maharani Chandra Loka Bhakta Lakshmi Devi. He became prime minister at a time when the king, Tribhuvan was attempting to assert himself. Tribhuvan wanted to establish a stronger monarchy and some democracy, which Mohan Shumsher opposed.

In 1950, Mohan Shumsher's policies against the monarchy forced Tribhuvan and his son Mahendra to flee to India with the help of the Indian Residency and the Indian government, which led Mohan Shumsher to proclaim Mahendra's three-year-old son Gyanendra the king of Nepal.

Later in the revolution of 1951, Tribhuvan returned to Nepal after signing the Delhi Treaty between Mohan Shumsher, Tribhuvan, and Congress thus restoring his throne and bringing the stately power back to the monarch. By the end of 1951, the King and his allies in Congress had triumphed, and Mohan Shumsher and the rest of the Rana family lost power. The Ranas were removed from all the hereditary offices and privileges conferred by King Surendra Bikram Shah on Jung Bahadur even though Mohan Shumsher still held the office of the prime minister, several demonstrations by Rana supporters in an attempt to reestablish their rule and the opposition of the monarchy and Congress forced him to resign from his position.

Death

On 14 December 1951, Mohan Shumsher went into self-imposed exile in India, and died in Bangalore in 1967, aged 81.

Legacy

Even though he is considered one of the worst prime ministers of Nepal, his and his brother's descendants still hold considerable power and wealth in Nepal.

See also

• Mohan SJB Rana cabinet, 1951